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    H a m e d   A h m a d i n i a
    Senior Researcher / Certified Teacher / Data Analyst

    This article examines how human values, media engagement, and sociopolitical events shape immigration attitudes across Europe, with a particular focus on understanding the immigration attitudes of European managers, using other workers as a comparison group. Drawing on European Social Survey data from 2016 to 2023 (Rounds 8–11), this study integrates Schwartz’s theory of basic human values with media sociology to explore the interactive effects of value orientations and information exposure. Using multilevel linear modelling, the analysis reveals that self-esteem values and structured political news consumption are consistently associated with more inclusive immigration attitudes. While managers generally hold slightly more positive views than other workers do, these differences become more pronounced in contexts of high political media engagement. The impact of general internet use varies across countries, highlighting the importance of national media environments. Temporal fluctuations—particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine—further demonstrate how crises interact with value–media dynamics. This study contributes to understanding the shaping and reinforcement of inclusive attitudes within Europe’s evolving information landscape by combining individual, occupational, and contextual factors.